Table of Contents
Negotiations entail a complex process that brings together individuals, governments, companies, and other business corporations for the purpose of developing mutually beneficial agreements, especially at a global level. Considering that these agreements have far-reaching implications on many people, the process of negotiating must then address different issues and needs of people drawn from different countries and cultural backgrounds. As a result, besides negotiations providing solutions to the existing problems, they are also purposive in addressing the diversity of views and concerns raised by all parties involved. In the World history, negotiations have played a major role in addressing different social-economic-political problems such as fighting poverty and diseases, preventing world wars, building economies, preserving environmental health, and curbing terrorism. Most importantly, technological advancements have been at the center-stage on matters regarding the close integration of national issues into global and broader issues (Saee, 2008). This paper will look into the implications of globalization and technology on negotiations by analyzing an article that describes a global negotiation situation.
Summary and Analysis
In the article, “Brazil and the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Global Health Diplomacy as Soft Power”, Lee, Chagas, and Novotny (2010) address the increasing importance of soft power in global negotiations and the ever-growing influence of Brazil in international relations through the use of soft power in its foreign policy negotiations. According to Lee et al. (2010), ‘soft power’ refers to the use of diplomatic approaches such as persuasion and collaboration in developing mutually beneficial agreements as opposed to the use of economic influence and political supremacy. Accordingly, the authors note that Brazil has become a powerful force in terms of using soft power leadership to guide other nations through the process of solving pertinent issues of climate change, energy policy, global health diplomacy, nuclear non-proliferation, and trade liberation. Most importantly, Brazil has demonstrated consistent in HIV/AIDS prevention policies by providing various constitutional guarantees in terms of accessibility of anti-retroviral drugs to HIV/AIDS patients, which reflects the country’s commitment towards achieving the World Trade Organization guidelines. On the other hand, Brazil is also recognized for its role in negotiations leading into the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Here, Brazil played a major role in terms of providing policy guidelines and leadership drawn from its domestic tobacco control policies throughout the global negotiation process (Lee et al., 2010).
From the above summary, it is important to note that Brazil’s role in negotiating the FCTC demonstrates various implications of globalization on negotiations regarding global health issues. As stated earlier, globalization entails the close integration/intersection of national issues into global and broader issues. In one way or another, globalization calls for all parties to have the willingness to compromise on some national prerogatives in order to live up to the guidelines provided by multilateral bodies (such as the World Trade Organization-WTO). This implies that Brazil’s influential role and commitment in negotiating the FCTC came at a cost. Here, it is worth noting that the country provided certain constitutional guarantees some of which contravened the rights of its citizens in order to address a global health issue. The main purpose of the FCTC negotiations was to reach a consensus on the need to consider taxation policies, restrictions on tobacco use, and alternative activities for tobacco growers, and advertisement limitations in order to control the harmful effects of tobacco products and reduce tobacco consumption at a global level (Lee et al., 2010). Being one of the major tobacco growers in the world, Brazil had a lot at stake. Therefore, the country had to embark on coalition politics and constitutional amendments on laws governing its domestic tobacco control policies in order to act as an exemplar to other countries in the world. This shows how globalization impacts internal politics and governance because no country can fit into the global framework without compromising on certain national preferences.
On the other hand, it is apparent from the selected article that globalization cannot be effective in the absence of information technologies, which support global networks and linkages of financial markets. Furthermore, since negotiations at a global level brings together individuals from different countries and cultural backgrounds, information technologies have been beneficial in aiding communication over greater distances to ensure that the input of all parties involved is put into consideration. Most importantly, technological advancements support the efforts made toward solving different social-economic-political problems at a global context. However, besides providing solutions and opportunities, technologies may contribute into the factors causing the problems. The most important contribution of information technologies in global negotiations entails the provision of computer systems, which broaden communications and transportation over greater distances. More specifically, information technologies provide vast amounts of data, which inform discussions that lead into various mutually beneficial agreements between different countries. For instance, the negotiations of the FCTC could not have been effective without any scientific data regarding the harmful effects of tobacco and strong data on the cost-benefit analyses of the proposed policies. Furthermore, information technologies support global networks in such a way that international firms, individuals, and other interest groups can have access to strong data, which can be used to argue against bad policies on various global issues (Rosenau & Singh, 2002).
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In conclusion, it is important to note that negotiation has emerged as a better way of promoting world peace, promoting global economies, and solving different social-economic-political issues. In so doing, negotiations have been at the center-stage of efforts made toward integrating different countries and economies into one multinational entity, and hence, ensuring that solutions to various global problems are agreeable to all parties involved. However, it is worth noting that technologies are advancing at a fast rate, which is inconsistent with their application in social progress. As a result, more needs to be done in terms of aligning technological advancements with social progress at a global level.
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